Spring does not load LDAP-XML config file

I have a prototype spring application to play with spring-security and LDAP. The application works with the internal LDAP-Server. But when I want to define an individual connection with a xml-config it doesn't work. More specific: The LdapTemplate which should be instantiated by the xml-config stays a null-object. Here is the code:

    public class UserRepo {

    @Autowired
    private LdapTemplate ldapTemplate;  //stays null
    public static final String BASE_DN = "dc=springframework,dc=org";

    //this works, but is not desired:
    public UserRepo() {
//      final GenericXmlApplicationContext appContext = new GenericXmlApplicationContext("classpath:ldap.xml");
//      appContext.refresh();
//      ldapTemplate = (LdapTemplate)appContext.getBean(LdapTemplate.class);
//      LdapContextSource lcs = new LdapContextSource();
//      lcs.setUrl("ldap://127.0.0.1:389/");
//      lcs.setUserDn(BASE_DN);
//      lcs.setDirObjectFactory(DefaultDirObjectFactory.class);
//      lcs.setAnonymousReadOnly(true);
//      lcs.afterPropertiesSet();
//      ldapTemplate = new LdapTemplate(lcs);
    }

My config looks like this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://ift.tt/GArMu6"
    xmlns:xsi="http://ift.tt/ra1lAU"
    xmlns:ldap="http://ift.tt/1wUpspz"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://ift.tt/GArMu6 http://ift.tt/1jdM0fG
       http://ift.tt/1wUpspz http://ift.tt/1zZkDkd">

   <ldap:context-source
          id="contextSource"
          url="ldap://localhost:389"
          base="dc=example,dc=com"
          username="cn=Manager"
          password="secret" />

   <ldap:ldap-template id="ldapTemplate" />

   <bean id="userRepo" class="user.UserRepo">
      <property name="ldapTemplate" ref="ldapTemplate" />
   </bean>

</beans>

I have put the ldap.xml one time in the src-dir and another time in the ressource-dir, both didn't work.

I hope you can tell me what I'm doing wrong.